What is COP 28 Summit and Its Member Countries

 The 28th Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 28) is an international environmental conference, currently taking place in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, from 30 November to 12 December 2023. It is the 28th annual session of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UNFCCC, and the third meeting of the parties to the Paris Agreement (PA). This year's summit brings together leaders, climate experts, and NGOs from all over the world to address the global climate crisis.

Goals of COP 28

The goal of COP 28 is to accelerate climate action and raise ambition to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.

Themes of COP 28

COP 28 will focus on three main themes:

• Mitigation: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit global warming.
• Adaptation: Helping countries and communities adapt to the impacts of climate change.
• Finance: Mobilizing finance from developed countries to support climate action in developing countries.

Outcomes of COP 28

COP 28 is expected to produce a number of outcomes, including:

•  A renewed commitment from countries to take action on climate change.
• Increased ambition to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
• New partnerships and initiatives to support climate action.
• Increased financial support for developing countries.

IMAGE: @COP28_UAE

Member countries of COP 28

All 197 Parties to the UNFCCC are members of COP 28. These countries include:

•   Afghanistan
•   Albania
•   Algeria
•   Andorra
•   Angola
•   Antigua and Barbuda
•   Argentina
•   Armenia
•   Australia
•   Austria
•   Azerbaijan

•   Bahamas
•   Bahrain
•   Bangladesh
•   Barbados
•   Belarus
•   Belgium
•   Belize
•   Benin
•   Bhutan
•   Bolivia
•   Bosnia and Herzegovina
•   Botswana
•   Brazil
•   Brunei Darussalam
•   Bulgaria
•   Burkina Faso
•   Burundi

•   Cabo Verde
•   Cambodia
•   Cameroon
•   Canada
•   Central African Republic
•   Chad
•   Chile
•   China
•   Colombia
•   Comoros
•   Congo
•   Congo, Democratic Republic of the
•   Cook Islands
•   Costa Rica
•   Côte d'Ivoire
•   Croatia
•   Cuba
•   Cyprus
•   Czech Republic

•   Denmark
•   Djibouti
•   Dominica
•   Dominican Republic

•   Ecuador
•   Egypt
•   El Salvador
•   Equatorial Guinea
•   Eritrea
•   Estonia
•   Eswatini
•   Ethiopia
•   European Union

•   Fiji
•   Finland
•   France

•   Gabon
•   Gambia
•   Georgia
•   Germany
•   Ghana
•   Greece
•   Grenada
•   Guatemala
•   Guinea
•   Guinea-Bissau
•   Guyana

•   Haiti
•   Honduras
•   Hungary

•   Iceland
•   India
•   Indonesia
•   Iran
•   Iraq
•   Ireland
•   Israel
•   Italy

•   Jamaica
•   Japan
•   Jordan

•   Kazakhstan
•   Kenya
•   Kiribati
•   Kuwait
•   Kyrgyzstan

•   Lao People's Democratic Republic
•   Latvia
•   Lebanon
•   Lesotho
•   Liberia
•   Libya
•   Liechtenstein
•   Lithuania
•   Luxembourg

•   Madagascar
•   Malawi
•   Malaysia
•   Maldives
•   Mali
•   Malta
•   Marshall Islands
•   Mauritania
•   Mauritius
•   Mexico
•   Micronesia, Federated States of
•   Moldova
•   Monaco
•   Mongolia
•   Montenegro
•   Morocco
•   Mozambique
•   Myanmar

•   Namibia
•   Nauru
•   Nepal
•   Netherlands
•   New Zealand
•   Nicaragua
•   Niger
•   Nigeria
•   Niue
•   North Korea
•   North Macedonia
•   Norway

•   Oman

•   Pakistan
•   Palau
•   Panama
•   Papua New Guinea
•   Paraguay
•   Peru
•   Philippines
•   Poland
•   Portugal

•   Qatar

•   Republic of Korea
•   Republic of Moldova
•   Romania
•   Russian Federation
•   Rwanda

•   Saint Kitts and Nevis
•   Saint Lucia
•   Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
•   Samoa
•   San Marino
•   São Tomé and Príncipe
•   Saudi Arabia
•   Senegal
•   Serbia
•   Seychelles
•   Sierra Leone
•   Singapore
•   Slovakia
•   Slovenia
•   Solomon Islands
•   Somalia
•   South Africa
•   South Sudan
•   Spain
•   Sri Lanka
•   Sudan
•   Suriname
•   Sweden
•   Switzerland
•   Syrian Arab Republic

•   Tajikistan
•   Tanzania
•   Thailand
•   Timor-Leste
•   Togo
•   Tonga
•   Trinidad and Tobago
•   Tunisia
•   Turkey
•   Turkmenistan
•   Tuvalu

•   Uganda
•   Ukraine
•   United Arab Emirates
•   United Kingdom
•   United States
•   Uruguay

•   Uzbekistan

Study at Southern Cross University PNG: IBS University Campus

If you're a prospective student in Papua New Guinea looking to pursue higher education, you've probably come across the name "Southern Cross University PNG" affiliated with IBS University. This partnership offers an array of exciting degree programs that can shape your academic and professional future. 

In this article, you will find out about Southern Cross University PNG's affiliation with IBS University and the courses it offers, and how to apply as a non-school leaver or school leaver for next year.

IBS University Courses at 12 Mile, Port Moresby

IBS University, located just outside Port Moresby, has gained recognition for its commitment to providing quality education. Within its academic corridors, you'll find three faculties or schools offering four-degree programs:

• School of Business: Here, students can enroll in the Bachelor of Accounting and Finance program, a pathway that equips them with the financial acumen and skills necessary to navigate the complex world of finance and accounting.

• School of Accounting and Finance: This school offers two intriguing programs, the Bachelor of Business and Management, and the Bachelor of Economics and Development Studies. These degrees empower students with the knowledge and expertise needed for careers in business management, economics, and development studies.

• 3. School of Information Technology: If your passion lies in the realm of technology, the Bachelor of Information Technology program at IBS University's School of IT can help you develop a strong foundation in this dynamic field.

To find out more about IBS course for Grade 12 non-school leavers and school leavers, click here.

Southern Cross University PNG: IBS University Campus

While IBS University has its own set of commendable programs, it has also partnered with the University of Southern Cross (SCU) to expand its offerings and provide more opportunities to students in Papua New Guinea. 

Through this affiliation, students can access Bachelor's degree programs from SCU, enhancing the range of choices available to them.

The SCU programs available through this affiliation include:

• Bachelor of Business Major in Accounting (School of Business): This program offers a comprehensive understanding of accounting principles and practices, preparing students for careers in accounting and finance.

• Bachelor of Business Major in Management (School of Business): For those interested in management and leadership roles, this degree equips students with the skills needed to excel in the dynamic world of business management.

• Bachelor of Information Technology Major in User Experience (School of IT): In today's tech-driven world, user experience is paramount. This program focuses on creating user-friendly digital interfaces and experiences, preparing students for exciting careers in IT and UX design.

Please note that the Bachelor of Information Technology Major in User Experience program is also available to international students at SCU's campuses in Sydney, Melbourne, and Perth through collaboration with EduCo. Additionally, it is available in Papua New Guinea through IBS University Port Moresby.

Application Process

Applying to these programs is a straightforward process. You can apply directly to Southern Cross University through their Application Portal if you are a PNG student wanting to study in one of their campuses in Australia. 

Alternatively, if you're a non-school leaver in PNG, you can apply through IBS University, either online or by submitting your application to the university's 12 Mile campus in Port Moresby. 

For PNG school leavers, the application process is facilitated through the DHERST national online application system, NOAS. That means that for Grade 12 students (school leavers), you'll have to make it one of your choices when completing your online school leavers choices. If you are selected, your name will appear here.

Study Southern Cross University PNG

In conclusion, Southern Cross University PNG's affiliation with IBS University opens doors to a world of educational opportunities. 

Whether you aspire to study business, finance, management, or information technology, these programs offer the knowledge and skills needed to thrive in your chosen field. 

So, apply to Southern Cross University  using their online portal or check out IBS University for more information.

Surfing Papua New Guinea Destinations

Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a vast and remote country with a coastline of over 20,000km, but it is also home to some of the world's best surfing spots. 

PNG is still relatively undeveloped for tourism, but this is part of its appeal for surfers looking for uncrowded waves and pristine beaches. The best time to surf in PNG is during the dry season, which runs from May to October. But the surf and warmer temterature is pretty much the same all year around.

Surfing spots in Papua New Guinea

PNG has a wide variety of surfing spots, from beginner-friendly breaks to challenging reefs. Some of the most popular surfing spots in PNG include:

• Kavieng: A world-renowned surf spot with long, right-hand waves.

• Vanimo: A popular spot for both beginner and experienced surfers, with a variety of breaks to choose from.

• Madang: A laid-back surf spot with consistent waves and a friendly atmosphere.

• Alotau: A remote surf spot with world-class waves and stunning scenery.

• Tufi: A popular dive spot and surfing destination.

Check out the best surf site in Kavieng. (We stayed at Rubio Plantation Retreat and visited this Surfers' Paradise)

Getting to Papua New Guinea

There are no direct flights from Australia to PNG, so you will need to fly into Port Moresby and then connect to a domestic flight to your chosen surf spot.

Advice for first-time travelers: One of the best things you can do as a first-time traveler is to establish contact with a seasoned traveler or a local contact before your trip. This can provide you with invaluable insights into the destination, including recommendations for safe and affordable accommodation, restaurants, transportation, and activities. 

Additionally, a local contact can help you avoid cultural faux pas and ensure that you have a more enjoyable and stress-free experience.

Things to do in Papua New Guinea

In addition to surfing, there are a number of other things to do in PNG, including:

• Visiting traditional villages
• Hiking in the rainforest
• Snorkelling and diving
• Fishing
• Learning the local language

Local tips for surfing Papua New Guinea

• PNG is a very diverse country, so it is important to be respectful of local customs and traditions.

• It is also important to be aware of the risks associated with surfing in remote areas, such as sharks and crocodiles.

• Domestic travels can be expensive, if you have a club pass for accommodation or travel discounts, use it.

Conclusion

PNG is a great surfing destination for Australian surfers looking for uncrowded waves and pristine beaches. There are a variety of surf spots to choose from, suitable for all levels of experience. 

PNG is still relatively undeveloped for tourism, so it is important to be prepared for a bit of adventure. With its stunning scenery and friendly people, PNG is a great place to experience both surfing and Papua New Guinean culture.

PNG Independence Day 2024: Holiday and Celebrations

On September 16, 1975, Papua New Guinea (PNG) emerged as a newly independent nation, breaking free from colonial rule. 

The day marked the culmination of years of struggle and dedication, as the people of this diverse and vibrant nation celebrated their sovereignty and the beginning of a new chapter in their history. 

Since then, the 16th of September has been a day of immense significance for Papua New Guinea and its people.

PNG Independence Public Holiday

On Monday, 16th September, 2024, Papua New Guinea will proudly celebrate its 48th Independence Day. 

For those wondering if they'll get an extended weekend to fully participate in the festivities, there's good news. Friday, September 15th, has been declared a public holiday, allowing everyone to get into the spirit and prepare for the grand celebration. 

If you're curious about whether September 15th is indeed a holiday, we've got you covered. Just check out this article for more information. 

The long weekend promises to be a time of reflection, cultural appreciation, and unity as the nation rejoices in its remarkable journey towards independence.

PNG Independence Day 2024 - Port Moresby Celebration Venues

This year's celebration venues in Port Moresby will host a series of events guided by a set to ensure consistency and excellence across various locations. 

The participating venues remain largely unchanged from previous years, including:

• the University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG), 
• Unagi Oval, 
• Ela Beach, 
• Murray Barracks, 
• Independence Boulevard, and 
• Pacific Adventist University (PAU).

Adding Murray Barracks, Independence Boulevard, and PAU to the celebration venues marks an expansion and diversification of this year's festivities. These new locations will offer a fresh perspective on the rich cultural heritage of PNG and its journey towards independence.

For those celebrating in Port Moresby, here is a video of the top 10 things you can do in POM.

Independence Celebration in the Provinces

While the festivities in Port Moresby are a highlight, the spirit of PNG's independence celebration is not limited to the capital city alone. Throughout the country, communities and provinces come alive with vibrant displays of culture, tradition, and patriotism. The provinces, each with its unique identity, add a colourful tapestry to the nationwide celebration.

One of the most anticipated events during PNG Independence Day is the Provincial Shows. These celebrations are a showcase of the province's culture, customs, and heritage. From traditional dances and rituals to delicious local cuisine, these shows are a testament to the rich diversity that makes up the nation of Papua New Guinea.

The Goroka Show tour is a 5-day/4-night program from September 18 to 21, taking visitors to the Eastern Highlands to witness the flamboyant and colourful people at the spectacular Goroka Cultural Show. Also known as the Goroka Highlands Festival, it is the largest Sing-Sing or tribal gathering of the year, with up to 150 tribes dancing and singing for two days.

Happy Independence Day Papua New Guinea!

As Papua New Guinea stands on the threshold of its 48th Independence Day celebration, the nation reflects on its progress, unity, and resilience. The journey from colonial rule to independence has not been without its challenges, but the strength and determination of the Papua New Guinean people have carried them through.

This year's celebrations promise to be a grand spectacle, bringing together people from all walks of life to celebrate their nation's heritage, culture, and freedom. It's a day when the nation comes together to rejoice in its diversity and shared identity as Papua New Guineans. 

Happy Independence Day, Papua New Guinea! May your vibrant spirit shine brightly as you march forward into a promising future.

Watch PNG Parliament Sitting Today Live Streaming 2024

When the PNG Parliament is sitting today, you can watch it live streaming on the PNG news channels' social media pages, including YouTube and Facebook. You can also get the latest updates on the setting by following the PNG news channels' Twitter handles and websites.

Why is it important to watch the PNG Parliament sitting today live streaming?

The PNG Parliament sitting is a significant event where the country's elected representatives to debate and pass laws. It is an opportunity to learn about the issues being discussed in Parliament and to see how your elected representatives represent you.

The topics that will be discussed in the PNG Parliament sitting today will vary depending on the agenda of the sitting. However, some of the topics that are likely to be discussed include:

• The economy
• Education
• Health
• Infrastructure
• Security

How can you watch the PNG Parliament sitting today live streaming?

To watch the PNG Parliament sitting today live streaming, you can visit the Loop PNG or EMTV News Online YouTube or Facebook channel at the time of the sitting. The live stream will begin at 9:00 AM PNG Time. (But it is delayed for hours because MPs often arrive LATE, read on to find out how to get updates)

You can also get the latest updates on the sitting by following the PNG news channels' Twitter handles and websites:

• Loop PNG: @looppng
• EMTV News Online: @EMTVOnline

Benefits of watching the PNG Parliament

There are several benefits to watching the PNG Parliament sitting today live streaming 2024:

• It enables you to hold your elected representatives accountable.
• It helps you to stay informed about the decisions that are being made on your behalf.
• It allows you to learn about the issues being discussed in Parliament firsthand.
• It allows you to see how your elected representatives are representing you.

Final Words

Overall, the PNG Parliament sitting today is an important event, and it is important to stay informed about what is happening. 

By watching the live stream of the sitting, you can learn about the issues being discussed and see how your elected representatives represent you. 

You can also hold your elected representatives accountable and be informed about the decisions that are being made on your behalf.

When Is Fathers Day in PNG 2023?

Father's Day is a special occasion celebrated worldwide to honor and appreciate fathers and father figures for their contributions and love. In Papua New Guinea (PNG), Father's Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of September each year, making it a significant day to express gratitude and love for fathers, grandfathers, and other male role models in the family.

When Is Fathers Day 2023?

In 2023, Father's Day in PNG falls on Sunday, September 3rd. It is a day dedicated to showing affection and appreciation to fathers for their love, support, and guidance. 

Families often come together to celebrate this day by giving gifts, sharing meals, and spending quality time with their fathers.

Here is a Poem from 2014 when we started PNG Insight dedicated to dads!

Fathers Day 2024 - 2030

The date of Father's Day varies each year as it is based on the first Sunday of September. Here is a list of upcoming Father's Day dates in Papua New Guinea:

• 2024: September 1st (Sunday)
• 2025: September 7th (Sunday)
• 2026: September 6th (Sunday)
• 2027: September 5th (Sunday)
• 2028: September 3rd (Sunday)
• 2029: September 2nd (Sunday)
• 2030: September 1st (Sunday)

 Celebration Dads and Father Figures

These dates provide you with a future reference for planning your Father's Day celebrations. It's important to note that Father's Day is a time not only to give gifts but also to express your love and appreciation for the special men in your life.

Traditionally, children often make homemade cards and gifts for their fathers, while others purchase thoughtful presents such as clothing, gadgets, or tools. Many families also organize gatherings or special meals to commemorate the day. Some may choose to attend religious services or engage in community activities to celebrate the occasion.

While the way Father's Day is celebrated may vary from family to family, the sentiment remains the same: to show fathers and father figures how much they are loved and valued. 

So, mark your calendar and make plans to celebrate Father's Day in PNG on the first Sunday of September to make it a memorable and heartwarming day for the special men in your life.

Vodafone PNG Postal Address

Vodafone PNG, a leading telecommunications provider, officially entered the Papua New Guinea market on April 22, 2022. The company celebrated its launch at APEC Haus, marking its retail network's immediate availability of mobile and telecommunication services.

Vodafone PNG's Postal Address - Port Moresby

Whether you prefer a personal visit or a virtual interaction, Vodafone PNG offers a range of options to connect with them. Visit their Port Moresby office, or contact them through social media and via phone.

Postal Address

Section 38, Lot 32,  

Waigani Drive,  

Hohola,  

NCD, Port Moresby,  

Papua New Guinea  

Contact Number: (675) 81030123  

Email: info@vodafone.com.pg

📷Credit: Vodafone PNG

Vodafone PNG's Business & Services

As a subsidiary of Amalgamated Telecom Holdings (ATH) and Austel Investment Pty Limited, Vodafone PNG operates under Digitec Communications Limited. Business leadership is entrusted to Vodafone Fiji Pte Limited, the top mobile operator in Fiji.

Their mission? To connect Papua New Guinea through a diverse and meticulously crafted range of products and services. From voice plans to mobile broadband, digital media, e-commerce, and value-added services, Vodafone PNG caters to everyday needs and sophisticated business applications, seamlessly bridging the gap between Papua New Guinea, the Pacific region, and the world.

Vodafone PNG Business Network and Infrastructure

Embracing the ever-evolving business landscape, Vodafone PNG places an unwavering emphasis on an agile and robust network. To empower your business, they have assembled a team of experts ready to assist you in transitioning seamlessly to hybrid work models and crafting tailor-made solutions that align perfectly with your unique needs.

Their product portfolio encompasses a wide range of offerings: connectivity solutions, cutting-edge ICT infrastructure, advanced cloud platforms, and everything you need to keep your organization running smoothly.

Vodafone PNG is deeply committed to driving digital inclusion, igniting business transformations, and fostering a thriving culture of growth in Papua New Guinea. Leveraging their global partnerships, they actively seek collaboration with international leaders to unlock new telecommunication opportunities and bridge the gap between potential and prosperity.

This collaborative spirit is fueled by a shared vision: enhancing the competitiveness and regional prominence of Papua New Guinea on the global stage.

Jobs at Vodafone PNG 

Unlock an exciting career at Vodafone PNG, where your skills fuel business transformations and community connections across Papua New Guinea Craft your career path with their extensive portfolio, whether you're a connectivity expert, ICT mastermind, or aspiring cloud architect. Dive into designing customized solutions, bridging the digital divide, and fueling organizational growth alongside seasoned professionals.

To explore job opportunities at Vodafone PNG and connect with this vibrant network, visit their website or the postal address at Section 38, Lot 32, Waigani Drive, Hohola, NCD, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

Disclaimer: Note that this information is not a promo, nor is PNG Insight affiliated with Vodafone PNG. It aims to provide the postal address for Vodaphone PNG.

Questbridge Finalist Results: When Do Questbridge Results Come Out

QuestBridge is a national nonprofit organization that connects high-achieving, low-income students with leading colleges and universities. The QuestBridge National College Match allows students to apply to up to 15 QuestBridge partner schools early and receive a binding decision by December 1. If a student is matched and appears on the Questbridge Finalist Results 2023, they receive a full scholarship to their assigned school.

When do QuestBridge results come out for 2023 finalists?

QuestBridge finalists are notified of their status on **October 18, 2023**. If a student is matched, they will be notified on December 1, 2023. If a student is not matched, they can still apply to QuestBridge partner schools through regular decision.

QuestBridge results are typically released between 12:00 PM and 1:00 PM PST on October 18. Students can check their Match status on the QuestBridge website.

What does it mean to be a QuestBridge finalist in 2023?

Being a QuestBridge finalist is a significant accomplishment. It means that you have been recognized as one of the most exceptional, low-income students in the country. QuestBridge finalists have a strong academic record, extracurricular activities, and personal essays.

If you are a QuestBridge finalist, you should carefully rank your QuestBridge partner schools. You should also start preparing for your Match interviews, which will be held in November. Finally, you should make sure to submit all of your required financial aid materials by the deadline.

Conclusion (Questbridge Finalist Results)

QuestBridge is a unique and amazing opportunity for high-achieving, low-income students to attend top colleges and universities. If you are a QuestBridge finalist in 2023, congratulations! You have earned this opportunity. Be sure to check your Match status on October 18, and good luck!

Department of Prime Minister and NEC PNG Job Vacancies

The Department of Prime Minister and National Executive Council (NEC) in Papua New Guinea has announced several job vacancies for various positions. If you're interested in these opportunities, you can access the job descriptions and apply through their official website.

The Department of Prime Minister and NEC PNG Job Vacancies are internal job advertisements, meaning that all advertised positions are currently held by public servants. However, some of these positions may be occupied by non-qualified or non-performing individuals. If you believe you can perform the job better than the current incumbent, we encourage you to apply.

Department of Prime Minister and NEC PNG Job Vacancies/Positions

There are numerous job openings in various departments and grades, including roles such as Director, Research Officer, Administrative Assistant, Policy Coordinator, and many more. 

Here is a list of graduate and trainee positions as well as Gr. 12 entry positions from 110 Department of Prime Minister and NEC PNG Job Vacancies:

Graduate and Trainee Position/s: 

• FA 14 Graduate Trainee: FA 14 COMMITTMENT OFFICER (PGAS)

Public Servants Entry Positions:

• ES 02 Admin. Assistant (Gr. 12)
• CACC 10 Office Attendant (Gr. 8  - This is a Gr. 8 position)
• IA 02 Administrative Assistant, Gr 10 - This is a Gr. 10 position)

Please note that this is not an exhaustive list, and there are 110 positions available.

How to Download Job Descriptions and Apply:

To access the job descriptions for these vacancies and apply for the positions, you can visit the official career page of the Department of Prime Minister and NEC at https://pmnec.gov.pg/career/  

On the NEC website, you will find detailed information about each job vacancy, including the requirements, responsibilities, and qualifications.

If you're seeking employment opportunities with th Department of Prime Minister and NEC, you can explore the job descriptions and apply through their official website. Take this chance to be part of a dynamic team contributing to the nation's development and growth.

Papua New Guinea Highest Civilian Award

Imagine receiving an award that not only acknowledges your hard work but also carries the weight of a nation's gratitude and admiration. Well, that's precisely what happened recently in Papua New Guinea (PNG). 

In a special ceremony at the Government House, Prime Minister Narendra Damodardas Modi of India was conferred with the Grand Companion of the Order of Logohu (GCL), which happens to be the highest civilian award of PNG. 

This is no ordinary award; it's a recognition of exceptional service, achievement, and dedication that goes beyond boundaries.

Companion of the Order of Logohu awarded to India PM Narendra Damodardas Modi 2023 

The Order of Logohu: What's the Buzz About?

The Order of Logohu isn't just your run-of-the-mill recognition. It's a big deal in PNG's honours and awards system. 

Think of it as the country's way of saying "You're awesome!" to those who've dedicated themselves to making a positive impact on society. 

And just so you know, folks who receive this award get to be called "Grand Chief." That's a pretty fancy title, right?

Different Levels, Different Aims

Now, this award has a structure – four classes to be precise. At the top of the pyramid is the Grand Companion of the Order of Logohu. This one's like the MVP award for people who've shown exceptional service, achieved remarkable things, and kept up their amazing work for at least twenty years. 

Imagine being titled "Chief" for that! Oh, and there's a limit – only 50 living citizens can get this prestigious award. 

But, wait, there's a twist: the Chancellor of the Order gets to be called "Grand Chief." And guess what? There's room for one more living Papua New Guinean to be titled Grand Chief.

Click here to find out about the full awards system in Papua New Guinea in recongnition of outstanding citizens.

 

Different Strokes for Different Folks

The Officer of Logohu (OL) is for those who've done standout work for Papua New Guinea or their local community, consistently, for a good ten years. 

Then there's the Member of Logohu (ML) category, which is all about commending those who've made a positive impact on a specific area, the nation, or their local community for at least seven years. 

The National Logohu Medal (LM), on the other hand, recognises folks who've shone brightly in their profession, career, or industry group, or who've made an outstanding contribution to the community for five years or more.

Global Recognition: Royalty and Dignitaries

Believe it or not, this award has even caught the attention of royalty and global figures. Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh, Prince Charles (the Prince of Wales), and Princess Anne (Princess Royal) have all received the Grand Companion of the Order of Logohu. 

These aren't just ordinary names; they're big shots who've made a mark on the world stage.

Papua New Guinea Highest Civilian Award

The Papua New Guinea Companion of the Order of Logohu Award isn't just any award – it's a recognition that carries the nation's respect and appreciation for outstanding service, dedication, and accomplishments. 

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi joining the ranks of distinguished individuals who've received this award showcases the global impact of excellence. 

So, whether it's local heroes or international figures, the Order of Logohu reminds us all that commitment and hard work have the power to leave a lasting legacy that inspires generations to come.

The Enigma of Michael Rockefeller: Exploring the Asmat Tribe in West Papua

In the annals of mysterious disappearances, few stories captivate the imagination as profoundly as that of Michael Rockefeller. The young scion of the powerful Rockefeller family and the governor of New York, Michael's vanishing in the wilds of West Papua's Asmat region remains an enigma to this day. 

While the official cause of his death is listed as drowning, the shadow of intrigue extends far beyond, involving a collision of cultures, colonial history, and the complexities of the Asmat people. 

This article aims to delve into the story of Michael Rockefeller, exploring the context of his expedition and the unsettling theories surrounding his fate. Also, it's essential to highlight the broader backdrop of the island of New Guinea, a region comprising West Papua and Papua New Guinea, each marked by their colonial legacies and paths to independence.

Asmat region of WEST PAPUA

The Island's Division and Colonial Heritage

Firsly, West Papua is NOT Papua New Guinea though the former in under Indonesia and the later is an independent country near Australia.

The island of New Guinea, often misconceived as a singular entity, is comprised of two distinct parts: West Papua and Papua New Guinea. West Papua, the western region of the island, was a former Dutch colony, subsequently integrated into Indonesia. 

Papua New Guinea, an independent state, is home to a diverse population once controlled by the British and German colonisers.

Click here to find out about Cannibals in Papua New Guinea

Michael Rockefeller's Adventure

At the heart of the mystery lies Michael Rockefeller, a young man who departed the comforts of his family's privilege to embark on an adventure that would ultimately lead him to the Asmat region. 

Graduating from Harvard, he joined an ethnographic film expedition to document the lives of the Asmat people of (the now West Papua). 

His fascination with primitive art and desire to make a significant cultural contribution compelled him to venture into the relatively untouched territory.

The Vanishing Act

During his journey, tragedy struck. Rockefeller's boat capsized, forcing him to swim for the shore. 

He disappeared in the midst of this attempt, leaving behind a void of information that has fueled speculation for decades. 

Theories ranging from drowning to assimilation into the local culture's violent rituals have emerged.

The Enigma of Michael Rockefeller: Exploring the Asmat Tribe in West Papua

The Clash of Cultures

One of the most compelling aspects of the Rockefeller case is the profound cultural clash it exposes. 

The Asmat people, living according to their unique rituals and belief systems, became inadvertently entwined in the events surrounding Rockefeller's disappearance. 

Their complex practices, including headhunting and carving, created an atmosphere of mystery and intrigue.

Unveiling the Truth about Michael Rockefeller's Fate

The quest for truth about Michael Rockefeller's fate has led to extensive investigations, the uncovering of archival documents, and interviews with those who were part of the era. 

The shadowy accounts of Dutch missionaries and officials have further fueled the mystery, raising questions about potential cover-ups to protect colonial interests.

Michael Rockefeller's disappearance reverberated beyond its immediate impact. The legend of his fate has inspired literature, art, and media representations, with the story even making its way into popular culture.

Reflections on Possibilities

While definitive answers remain elusive, the most plausible theories suggest that Michael Rockefeller might have swam ashore and encountered the Asmat people. 

Tragically, he may have been mistaken for a spirit, a belief deeply ingrained in Asmat cosmology, leading to a violent end. 

This tragic outcome symbolizes the intricate intersection of cultural misunderstanding and colonial legacy.

The Island of New Guinea: West Papua and Papua New Guinea

West Papua and Papua New Guinea are two distinct regions situated on the island of New Guinea in the Pacific. While they share a geographical proximity, they are politically and culturally separate entities. West Papua is a part of Indonesia, located on the western half of the island, and it includes the territories of Papua and West Papua provinces. On the other hand, Papua New Guinea is an independent country occupying the eastern half of the island.

The Asmat Tribe, known for their intricate artistry and rich culture, resides in the region of West Papua, Indonesia. This tribe is indigenous to the southwestern coast of the island, primarily inhabiting the vast and ecologically diverse Asmat Regency. The Asmat people have a unique way of life, deeply rooted in their spiritual beliefs and artistic expressions, such as intricate wood carvings and ritual objects.

It is essential to recognize the distinction between West Papua and Papua New Guinea, as their historical backgrounds, governance, and cultural identities differ significantly. West Papua, despite being a part of Indonesia, has had a history of seeking greater autonomy due to cultural and political differences. Papua New Guinea, on the other hand, gained independence from Australian colonial rule in 1975 and has its own distinct national identity.

While West Papua and Papua New Guinea both contribute to the rich tapestry of the island of New Guinea, understanding their separate geopolitical and cultural contexts is crucial for accurate representation and respectful engagement with their unique histories and communities.

Summary: The Enigma of Michael Rockefeller

The story of Michael Rockefeller's vanishing is a mosaic of cultural complexity, colonial history, and family legacy. It's a testament to the allure of exploration, the tension between differing worlds, and the unsettling depths of the unknown. Yet it is also important to note that the Island of New Guinea if made up of the West Papua and Papua New Guinea. 

Beyond the mystery, it serves as a reminder that the histories of regions like New Guinea are woven with narratives that stretch across time, transcending their physical borders. 

As the world continues to evolve, the story of Michael Rockefeller endures as a fragment of a broader tale, a snapshot of a moment when East met West, with tragic consequences.

STEM Education in Papua New Guinea and the Transition to Standards-Based Curriculum

In the evolving landscape of education, the integration of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) subjects has become a global priority, and Papua New Guinea (PNG) is no exception. 

As a nation rich in cultural diversity and natural resources, PNG recognises the importance of equipping its youth with the skills and knowledge to thrive in an increasingly technological world. 

The implementation of STEM education within the country's education system marks a significant step toward achieving this goal.

Exploring STEM Subjects in PNG: A Holistic Approach to Learning

STEM education in PNG encompasses a comprehensive range of subjects, collectively aimed at nurturing critical thinking, problem-solving, and innovation among students. The core STEM subjects studied in PNG include:

1. English - Language & Literature: Effective communication is a cornerstone of success in any field. English language and literature provide students with the tools to express themselves articulately and comprehend complex ideas.

2. Mathematics: Mathematics is the language of patterns, logic, and quantitative analysis. It provides the foundation for understanding and solving real-world problems.

3. Science (Biology, Chemistry, Physics): The sciences unlock the mysteries of the natural world. Biology, chemistry, and physics cultivate an understanding of life, matter, and energy, fostering curiosity and scientific inquiry.

4. Technology (ICT): In an era dominated by technology, information and communication technology (ICT) skills are essential. Students learn to harness the power of digital tools and navigate the digital landscape.

5. Engineering: Engineering principles drive innovation and the creation of solutions to complex challenges. Engineering education encourages a hands-on, practical approach to problem-solving.

Furthermore, the curriculum can expand to include additional subjects based on the specific offerings of educational institutions. However, these core subjects constitute the foundation of STEM education in PNG.

Embracing Change: The Shift to Standards-Based Curriculum (SBC)

Recognising the need for a comprehensive educational framework that aligns with global best practices, PNG's education department is undergoing a transformative shift from the outcomes-based curriculum (OBC) to the standards-based curriculum (SBC). This transition reflects a commitment to providing a more structured, cohesive, and learner-centered educational experience.

The SBC is built upon a hierarchy of learning standards, each serving a distinct purpose:

1. National Aims and Goals: These overarching aspirations guide the entire education system, setting the direction for student development and societal progress.

2. Content Standards: These define the specific knowledge and skills students are expected to acquire at each grade level.

3. Benchmarks: Benchmarks outline the expected milestones of student progress, serving as checkpoints to assess achievement.

4. Evidence Outcomes: These outcomes articulate the tangible skills and abilities students should demonstrate to showcase their learning.

5. Topic/Learning Objectives: Objectives break down content into manageable units, enabling focused instruction.

6. Lesson Objectives: Lesson objectives guide daily teaching and learning activities, ensuring alignment with broader goals.

7. Performance Standards/Indicators: These indicators offer criteria for evaluating student mastery of concepts and skills.

Cultivating Essential Skills and Values

The SBC places emphasis not only on academic proficiency but also on the development of vital skills and values. Students are encouraged to cultivate:

Cognitive Skills: Critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving abilities are nurtured to foster a deep understanding of complex issues.

21st Century Skills: In a rapidly evolving world, skills such as adaptability, collaboration, and technological literacy are crucial for success.

STEAM Principles and Skills: STEM education is enriched by incorporating arts and design (STEAM), promoting interdisciplinary thinking and holistic innovation.

Spiritual Values and Virtues: Ethical and moral values are integrated into the curriculum to shape responsible and compassionate citizens.

Communication Skills: Proficiency in reading, writing, and effective communication prepares students to express ideas clearly and persuasively.

Essential Values and Attitudes: The SBC instills qualities like resilience, empathy, and a commitment to lifelong learning.

Curriculum Connections: Unifying Learning Objectives

The transition to SBC brings about a fundamental shift in education delivery. The focus is on understanding and making connections between various aspects of learning. 

The formulation of learning standards is intricately linked to national aims, goals, and overarching principles. 

The curriculum is designed to empower students to navigate the complexities of the modern world, contribute to sustainable development, and drive positive change.

STEM Education in Papua New Guinea and the Transition to Standards-Based Curriculum

In conclusion, the introduction of STEM education in PNG and the subsequent shift to the standards-based curriculum signal a progressive leap toward holistic, learner-centric education. 

As PNG continues to evolve on its educational journey, the integration of STEM principles and the standards-based curriculum will undoubtedly play a pivotal role in shaping the nation's future.

10 Best Wishes for Exam

Exams can be a stressful time for students of all ages. However, there are a few things that you can do to wish them the best of luck and help them feel more confident. 

Here are 10 of the best wishes for exams:

1. Good luck!

This is the most classic exam wish, and it's always a good choice. It's short, sweet, and to the point.

2. You've got this!

This wish is a bit more specific, and it's a good way to show that you believe in the student's abilities.

3. Remember all your hard work.

This wish is a reminder that the student has put in the time and effort to prepare for the exam, and that will pay off.

4. Stay calm and focused.

It's important for students to stay calm and focused on the day of the exam. This wish can help them remember to do so.

5. Read each question carefully.

This wish is a reminder to take the time to read each question carefully and make sure that they understand it before answering.

6. If you don't know the answer, don't panic.

It's perfectly normal not to know the answer to every question. If a student is unsure, they can skip the question and come back to it later.

7. Check your work before submitting it.

It's important to take a few minutes to check your work before submitting it. This can help catch any careless mistakes.

8. I'm proud of you, no matter what.

This wish is a reminder that the student is loved and supported, regardless of the outcome of the exam.

9. You're going to do great!

This wish is a simple but effective way to express your confidence in the student.

10. I'm here for you if you need anything.

This wish lets the student know that you're there to support them, both before and after the exam.

When wishing someone good luck on their exam, it's important to be sincere and supportive. Your words can make a big difference in their confidence and performance.

Papua New Guinea's Rabaul Volcano Eruption: Mt Tavurvur

The dawn of August 29, 2014, started like any other day in the town of Rabaul, nestled against the picturesque backdrop of Mount Tavurvur in Papua New Guinea. However, this tranquil morning was destined to be etched in history as one of the most significant events for the resilient people of this volcanic region.

IMAGE: Start of the Climb to the Top | Mt Tavurvur

Papua New Guinea's Rabaul Volcano Eruption: Mt Tavurvur

Mount Tavurvur, a formidable stratovolcano, had been both a source of wonder and concern for the residents of Rabaul. Its majestic slopes and lush vegetation held secrets of its tumultuous past – a past punctuated by eruptions that had shaped the landscape and the community. 

In 1994, its fiery fury had wreaked havoc upon Rabaul, leaving scars that the town had courageously borne. But little did anyone know that another eruption was lurking beneath its serene exterior, preparing to awaken.

As the morning sun painted the skies with shades of gold, the earth began to tremble, sending ripples of unease through the town. Locals who had witnessed the first devastating eruption of 1937, were on edge, wary of the signs nature was displaying. 

"We've been through this before," Maria whispered to Samuel, clutching his arm as they watched the distant plume of ash rising from the heart of the mountain.

Local leaders in forefront at a time of need

News spread quickly through the town, and leaders like Mayor Simon and volcanologist Dr. Rodriguez swung into action. Roads leading to safer areas were marked, and evacuation plans were set in motion. 

The memory of the 1937 eruption was fresh in their minds, a reminder of the importance of preparedness. 

"We can't afford to wait. We need to act swiftly to ensure the safety of our people," Mayor Simon declared.

The rumbling of the earth escalated, and by 6:00 AM, the mountain roared to life. The sky turned dark as ash and smoke billowed into the atmosphere, blocking out the sun's rays. The ground shook violently, and the town was thrown into chaos. People scrambled to gather their belongings and make their way to the designated evacuation centers.

With remarkable unity, the residents of Rabaul, led by local leaders and officials, embarked on a journey of survival. The spirit of community shone brightly as families opened their homes to those who had lost everything. 

The churches, particularly the Catholic Church under the guidance of Archbishop Carl Henn, became beacons of hope, providing shelter, food, and comfort to the displaced.

Rabaul Volcanological Observatory Volcanologist

Volcanologist Dr. Rodriguez, despite being hindered by the thick blanket of ash, managed to communicate vital information about the eruption's progression. 

"This eruption is comparable in scale to the 1994 event," he explained. "We're closely monitoring lava flow and seismic activity to ensure the safety of everyone."

The eruption had caught even the national government off guard, prompting Prime Minister Rabbie Namaliu (who was also the member for Kokopo) to visit Rabaul, accompanied by other officials, to assess the situation firsthand. Upon returning to Port Moresby, Prime Minister Namaliu declared a state of emergency, ensuring that resources were swiftly directed towards relief efforts.

IMAGE: View from the Rabaul Volcanological Observatory

Australia and the international community help

Australia and the international community, deeply moved by the catastrophe, extended their support. Aid and supplies arrived at Tokua Airport, a lifeline for the affected communities. The disaster, while testing the limits of preparation and response, showcased the resilience and unity of the Papua New Guinean people.

Days turned into weeks, and as the ash settled, the true extent of the damage became evident. Though the eruption had caused widespread destruction, the loss of life remained remarkably low, a testament to the swift action and preparedness of the people.

As the healing process began, the people of Rabaul looked to the future with determination. The lessons learned from this eruption would serve as a blueprint for facing the uncertain future that the volatile region held. 

Mount Tavurvur, a mountain of both beauty and danger, had once again reminded its residents of their strength and resilience in the face of adversity.

Story of Rabaul's volcanic eruption

The story of Rabaul's volcanic eruption serves as a poignant reminder that nature's fury can strike at any moment. 

Preparedness, unity, and a shared sense of responsibility can make all the difference in overcoming the challenges presented by such events. 

As Papua New Guinea continues to forge its path forward, the courage and determination displayed by the people of Rabaul stand as a source of inspiration for generations to come.

PNG Insight compiles this story of Rabaul's volcanic eruptions from online sources to draw attention to the dangers of volcano eruptions in Papua New Guinea, especially in the New Guinea Island Region and Manam Island in the Momase Region.