Papua New Guinea Population Estimate 2021

The provided text contains information about the Population Estimates 2021 for Papua New Guinea (PNG) produced by the National Statistical Office (NSO).  It's important to note that the Population Estimates 2021 for PNG were generated through the use of satellite images and surveys. 

The data is crucial for decision-making and planning at various levels of government and institutions, contributing to the country's development goals. The estimate's accuracy is acknowledged, but it is also recognised that a complete census remains the most reliable data source.

PNG's Total Population in 2021: 11,781,559

   - Males: 6,142,585

   - Females: 5,638,974

This estimate is higher than the predicted population figures from the CIA World Factbook (2022, Wikipedia.org) we used here.

Population Key Indicators (2021 Estimates)

Each of the figures in the Population Key Indicators provides valuable information about the age and gender distribution of the population in Papua New Guinea in 2021. 

Let's explain each of these indicators:

1. Sex Ratio (Male to Female): 108.9

This figure represents the number of males for every 100 females in the population. In this case, the sex ratio is 108.9, indicating that there are approximately 108.9 males for every 100 females in the country. 

A sex ratio greater than 100 indicates that there are more males than females in the population.

2. Percentage of Working Age Population (15 to 64 years old): 61.6%

This percentage represents the proportion of the population that falls within the working-age group, which is typically considered to be between 15 and 64 years old. 

In this case, 61.6% of the population is within this age range and is likely to be part of the labour force and actively contributing to the economy.

3. Percentage of Older Population (65 years old and over): 2.7%

This percentage represents the proportion of the population that is 65 years old and older. It indicates the share of elderly individuals in the total population. 

A higher percentage suggests that the population is ageing, which can have implications for healthcare, social services, and pension systems.

4. Percentage of Youth (15 to 24 years old): 21.6%

This percentage represents the proportion of the population that falls within the youth age group, typically considered to be between 15 and 24 years old. 

This demographic segment includes young adults who are transitioning from adolescence to adulthood and may be pursuing education or entering the workforce.

5. Total Dependency Ratio (0-14 + 65 years old) / 15-64 years old: 62.4%

The total dependency ratio is a measure of the economic burden on the working-age population. It is calculated by dividing the combined number of individuals aged 0 to 14 (children) and 65 years and over (elderly) by the number of individuals aged 15 to 64 (working age). 

In this case, for every 100 working-age individuals, there are 62.4 dependents who are either too young or too old to participate in the labour force.

6. Children Dependency Ratio (0-14 / 15-64 years old): 58.1%

The children dependency ratio specifically measures the burden on the working-age population due to children (aged 0 to 14). It is calculated by dividing the number of children by the number of working-age individuals. 

A higher ratio indicates a larger proportion of children dependent on the working-age population.

7. Old-Age Dependency Ratio (65 years old and over / 15-64 years old): 4.3%

The old-age dependency ratio measures the burden on the working-age population due to elderly individuals (aged 65 and over). It is calculated by dividing the number of elderly individuals by the number of working-age individuals. 

A higher ratio indicates a larger proportion of elderly dependents on the working-age population.

8. Median Age (Both Sexes): 21.2

Median age represents the midpoint of the age distribution, where half of the population is older than the median age, and half is younger. 

In this case, the median age for both sexes is 21.2 years, suggesting a relatively young population.

9. Median Age (Male): 20.8

The median age specifically for males, which is 20.8 years. This indicates that the midpoint of the male age distribution is 20.8 years.

10. Median Age (Female): 21.7

The median age specifically for females, which is 21.7 years. This indicates that the midpoint of the female age distribution is 21.7 years.

11. Percentage of Population Aged 18 and Over: 57.2%

This percentage represents the proportion of the population that is 18 years old and older. It indicates the share of adults in the total population who are eligible to participate in various legal and social activities.

12. Percentage of Women of Reproductive Age (15 to 49 years old): 55.3%

This percentage represents the proportion of women in the population who are within the reproductive age range of 15 to 49 years old. 

This demographic segment is significant as it relates to issues concerning family planning, maternal health, and childbirth.

The population key indicators are essential for understanding the demographic composition of Papua New Guinea's population and can assist policymakers and planners in making informed decisions about various aspects of development, including healthcare, education, and social services.

How the Estimate is Calculated

The estimate is based on a series of different datasets and methods. The NSO uses recent, reliable population data collection exercises such as the Urban Structural Listing and Household Survey for the Long Lasting Insecticidal Net Distribution by Rotarians Against Malaria. 

Geographic and administrative characteristics, such as night-time lights, distance to health providers, and slope, are measured using aerial images collected from satellites. 

The relationship between population size and these characteristics is used to estimate the population in areas with limited data.

Accuracy of the Estimate

The Population Estimate has a 3% margin of error at the national level. However, it is emphasised that the estimate does not replace a National Population and Housing Census, which remains the most reliable source of information, providing not only population counts but also socio-demographic and economic characteristics at the lowest level of geographic subdivision of the country.

Papua New Guinea Main Cities and Towns (VIDEO INCLUDED)

Papua New Guinea (PNG) boasts a rich tapestry of cultures, breathtaking landscapes, and a vibrant urban scene. Here are the ten main towns and cities that represent the country's diverse regions.

1. Port Moresby (National Capital District)

Port Moresby stands tall as the capital city of Papua New Guinea and serves as the primary gateway for international visitors. Jacksons International Airport welcomes travellers worldwide, ushering them into this bustling metropolis. 

The city sprawls around the picturesque Fairfax Harbour, with its vibrant urban core scattered with government agencies, embassies, and iconic landmarks such as the National Parliament and the National Museum and Art Gallery. 

Recent development initiatives, driven in part by hosting the APEC summit in 2018, have resulted in waterfront housing and business projects like Harbourside and Harbour City, transforming the city's skyline. 

Port Moresby offers a wide range of accommodations, from luxurious hotels like Airways and The Stanley to budget-friendly options. 

Visitors can enjoy traditional PNG-style cuisine at restaurants like Mumu, and key attractions include vibrant local markets, the Port Moresby Nature Park, and the Loloata Private Island Resort.

2. Lae (Morobe Province)

As PNG's second-largest city, Lae holds prominence as a significant industrial hub and a vital cargo port. Situated in Morobe Province, Lae may be reached through Lae Nadzab Airport, located approximately 40 kilometres away. 

While its industrial importance is notable, Lae also offers an annual spectacle in the form of the Morobe Show, showcasing the region's cultural heritage.

Lae is the home of the PNG University of Technology.

3. Mount Hagen (Western Highlands Province)

Located in the picturesque Wahgi Valley, Mount Hagen is the capital of the Western Highlands Province. Although it ranks as the country's third-largest city, Mount Hagen retains a rural charm with a strong agricultural community. 

Travellers are welcomed at the Mount Hagen market, a vibrant centre for trade and commerce. 

Visitors can witness the colourful annual Mount Hagen Show, celebrating the cultural diversity of PNG.

4. Madang (Madang Province)

Madang beckons travellers with its stunning turquoise waters, white sandy beaches, and tranquil islands. Located in Madang Province, the town boasts some of the best diving and snorkelling opportunities in PNG. 

The annual Morobe Show is a major tourist attraction, showcasing the region's cultural richness. 

Additionally, Madang is home to the Divine Word University and the massive Ramu nickel mine.

5. Goroka (Eastern Highlands Province)

Known for its annual Goroka Show, a spectacular event featuring over 100 tribes, including the Asaro Mudmen, Goroka serves as the capital of the Eastern Highlands Province. 

Coffee production drives the local economy, and the town is a commercial and transportation hub for the region.

To read about the Bena Tribal People's Nose-bleeding and Cane Swallowing Rituals, click here

6. Rabaul/Kokopo (East New Britain Province)

Rabaul and Kokopo, twin coastal towns in East New Britain, boast a scenic setting with islands, jungles, and volcanoes. 

Kokopo has taken over as the provincial capital since Rabaul was devastated by a volcanic eruption in 1984. 

These towns offer a myriad of attractions, from diving and snorkelling to war history and the National Mask Festival, which includes fire dancing.

7. Kimbe (West New Britain Province)

Located in West New Britain Province, Kimbe is a vibrant town known for its oil palm production, palm-fringed beaches and turquoise waters.

The province is home to the largest Oil Palm Company, New Britain Palm Oil, in the Pacific and the region, and the largest employer of Papua New Guineans.

The town is an ideal gateway to explore the surrounding natural wonders, including waterfalls and pristine coral reefs.

8. Wewak (East Sepik Province)

Wewak, the capital of East Sepik Province, is nestled along the isolated north coast of PNG. 

With a relaxed ambience and a subsistence lifestyle, Wewak provides access to the Sepik River, a major tourist attraction in the country. 

The region's turquoise waters, palm-fringed beaches, and enchanting waterfalls await exploration.

9. Kavieng (New Ireland Province)

Kavieng, located in New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, is a captivating coastal town renowned for its unspoiled beauty and warm hospitality. 

The town is served by Kavieng Airport, welcoming visitors to its stunning shores. Nusa Island Retreat, a paradise nestled just off the coast, offers an idyllic escape with pristine beaches and crystal-clear waters perfect for snorkelling and diving. 

Kavieng's friendly people embrace visitors with open arms, sharing their rich culture and traditions, making it an unforgettable destination for those seeking a true Papua New Guinean experience.

10. Alotau (Milne Bay Province)

As the provincial capital of Milne Bay Province, Alotau lies on the eastern tip of PNG. 

Surrounded by beautiful bay waters, this picturesque town offers a serene atmosphere and serves as a starting point for various island adventures and cultural experiences.

See PNG Insight's travel stories on YouTube for my personal PNG Travel (amateur) videos.