Vote of No Confidence in Papua New Guinea's May Parliamentary Session
Vote of No Confidence in Papua New Guinea 2024: Requirements & Procedures
In Papua New Guinea (PNG), the mechanisms for holding the Prime Minister accountable and potentially removing them from office are outlined in the country's Constitution, Section 145 (screenshot).
(Important: This article is a simple analysis of Section 145 on the VoNC in PNG and the election of a new prime minister. Written in a simple style for our readers to understand how it - the VoNC - works.
Meanwhile, we are looking forward to giving it similar coverage on MAY 28! - CLICK HERE TO READ THE LATEST ON THE MAY/JUNE PARLIAMENT SITTING.
While a vote of no confidence (VoNC) is one such mechanism, there are several others, including:
- dismissal for breaching the Leadership Code,
- removal on health grounds,
- suspension pending investigation, and
- resignation, death, or court-invalidated election of the Prime Minister.
PNG's Constitution, Section 145 (screenshot)
Key Processes and Procedures for a Vote of No Confidence
A VoNC motion in PNG follows a specific set of processes and procedures to ensure transparency and accountability within the parliamentary system. These include:
- 1. Expressed Motion of No Confidence: The motion must explicitly state its nature as a vote of no confidence in the named Prime Minister, adhering to the constitutional provisions.
- 2. Naming of Alternate Prime Minister: The motion must identify an alternate Prime Minister as per constitutional requirements.
- 3. Signature of Mover and Seconder: The motion requires signatures from both the individual moving the motion and the person seconding it, following parliamentary standing orders.
- 4. Support of Members of Parliament: Signatures from not less than one-tenth of the Members of Parliament who support the motion are necessary.
- 5. Exclusion of Mover and Seconder as Supporters: It's crucial to maintain the distinction between those moving and seconding the motion and those supporting it.
- 6. Correct Electorate Name and Signature Column: Accuracy in stating the electorate's name and proper completion of the proposal form are essential.
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PRIME MINISTERS OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA 1975 - 2024
Process Timeline: 2019 Vote of No Confidence
The 2019 VoNC in PNG provides a clear example of the process, including the timeline and duration of events:
1. Expressed Motion of No Confidence
April 11th: Finance Minister James Marape's resignation set the stage for the VoNC, indirectly expressing a lack of confidence in the existing leadership.
2. Naming of Alternate Prime Minister
May 6th: Laguna Camp named James Marape as the Alternative Prime Minister, a crucial step in the VoNC process.
3. Signature of Mover and Seconder
May 7th: Parliament convened to table the VoNC motion. Signatures of the mover (Marape) and seconder played the initial role in steamrolling the formal process.
The parliamentary session ensured the correct completion of the proposal form, including accurate details regarding the electorate's name and the appropriate signature columns.
4. Support of Members of Parliament
May 2nd - 28th: Various party splits, resignations, and realignments occurred, influencing the support base for the VoNC motion. The People's National Congress (PNC) and Pangu Pati members played crucial roles in expressing or changing their support.
5. Exclusion of Mover and Seconder as Supporters
The distinction between those moving and seconding the motion (Marape and others) and those supporting it was maintained throughout the process.
6. Process Duration
May 28th: The VoNC voting session was initially scheduled for 7 days but extended to 21 days. This duration allowed for a comprehensive deliberation on the motion.
7. Constitutional Requirements Compliance
Throughout May: Various legal and constitutional elements were in play, such as the Attorney General applying for a Stay Order on the VoNC motion to uphold the rule of law.
8. Outcome and New Prime Minister Election
May 29th: The culmination of the process resulted in Peter O'Neill's resignation as Prime Minister and the election of James Marape as the new Prime Minister, securing 101 votes.
From the parliamentary session convened on May 7th to the final vote on May 29th, the Vote of No Confidence process in Papua New Guinea spanned a total of 23 days.
Throughout this period, various political manoeuvres, including resignations, party splits, and coalition changes, influenced the outcome of the VoNC.
To see the FULL VoNC events of 2019 recorded by dates, CLICK HERE
Conclusion
The VoNC process in Papua New Guinea, enshrined in the Constitution, serves as a crucial pillar for holding government leaders accountable and ensuring democratic governance.
PNG's parliamentary system (the Westminster System, maintains transparency and upholds the rule of law, as demonstrated by the events surrounding the 2019 VoNC. No government or prime minister is immune to a VoNC.
Road to Vote of No Confidence 2024: Updates and Events
Since independence, only two PNG PMs lasted five years: Somare (2002-2007) and O'Neill (2012-2017). Can Marape, facing the historical odds, defy the trend and become the third?
The Pangu-led coalition government's grace period expires on Friday 9th of February 2024 but is the Marape/Rosso administration truly "rock solid," as its leaders claimed. Or will it crumble under the pressure of a potential vote of no confidence?
As the 9th of February approaches, cracks and concerns have emerged. The first PNG parliament sitting for 2024 is on Tuesday 13th February, 2024. PNG Insight will update this page as the political drama unfolds, so bookmark it and stay tuned for the latest.
It's important to remember that a vote of no confidence is a lengthy process (Here are the events of the 2019 VoNC on PNG Insight), with the government often using its powers to frustrate, block, or even defer it. Here is what will happen for a VoNC to take place:
- Lobbying for Formation of an 'Alternate Govt'
- The tabling of the VoNC,
- Consolidation of numbers, and
- Final VoNC session.
CLICK HERE TO READ THE LATEST ON THE MAY/JUNE PARLIAMENT SITTING.
Is a vote of no confidence looming in 2024?
Lobbying Intensifies: As the February 13th 2024 vote of no confidence in PNG approaches, the days leading up to the parliament sitting date, and including the weekend are critical.
Parallels are drawn to the 2019 vote, where MPs switched allegiances between the government and alternate camps at the last minute. So, given the fluidity of PNG politics, nothing is impossible and money and ministry privileges speak volumes.
We urge MPs to resist the influence of development funds (DSIP/PSIP), Connect PNG, and government contracts. Their decisions must be guided solely by the best interests of the country.
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Read about the requirements and procedure for a VoNC in PNG.
Key events in PNG 2024
With this in mind, let's start with Black Wednesday, January 10th, and other major political developments leading up to the potential vote. Here are the defining moments in 2024:
January 10: Black Wednesday
Utter chaos erupted in Port Moresby as news of a pay cut for public servants coincided with a police strike. While protests and looting rocked the capital, dubbed "Black Wednesday" in its aftermath, the PNG government quietly authorised a K350 million warrant for the Pangu Party's flagship program, Connect PNG.
January 11: Riot Aftermath & Sacking of Department Heads
Nationwide unease gripped businesses, prompting precautions. Lae and Mt Hagen cities reported controlled crowd gatherings. The Pangu-led Marape/Rosso government declared a 14-day State of Emergency and investigations into the Black Wednesday riot.
Four high-ranking officials were suspended for the emergency's duration:
- Police Commissioner David Manning,
- DPM Secretary Taies Sansan,
- Finance Secretary Sam Penias, and
- Treasury Secretary Andrew Oaeke.
January 12: MP Showed Dissent
JANUARY 14: MP Questioned Connect PNG Funds Released on Black Wednesday
January 15: PNG Govt Monitoring Social Media Accounts
Screenshot: Post Courier (accessed 27th January 2024) |
January 16: Governors Irate Over Provincial Grant Cuts
16 JANUARY: An angry New Ireland Governor Sir Julius Chan called on PM James Marape to sack Treasurer Ian Ling-Stuckey for cutting K40 million from his 2024 Budget.
— P.N.G. Insight (@PNG_Insight) January 27, 2024
The provincal governors have seen cuts in provincial grants.
Gov. Allan Bird on cuts: https://t.co/BHpKPSYwnn
JANUARY 17: Top Cop Sidelined
January 18: Cabinet reshuffle.
- Koroba-Kopiago, William Bando, Coffee
- Nipa-Kutubu, Dr. William Joseph, Defence
- Popondetta, Richard Masere, Key Const Offices
- Kundiawa-Gembogl, Muguwa Dilu, Mining
- Obura-Wonenara, John Boito, Agri
- Esa’ala MP, J. Maladina, Petroleum
January 19: Ministerial Positions Announced
- Treasury Minister Ling-Stuckey was relegated to PM's assistant, while the PM, James Marape, assumed the Treasury role.
- Tkatchenko was reinstated to Foreign Affairs.
- Split Energy & Petroleum ministry; Finance & Planning ministry also split.
- New Key Cont. Offices ministry established.
- Sports ministry announcement pending.
January 26: Senior Minister in the Marape/Rosso Govt Resigned
February 1: Paraka Co-accused in UBS Saga Name Names
FEBRUARY 4: Another MP resigned from Marape/Rosso Govt
FEBRUARY 8: Two More MPs Resigned from the PANGU-led Government
FEBRUARY 9: Opposition Leader resigned
FEBRUARY 10 - 11: Pangu Pati Conference - Show of Solidarity
FEBRUARY 13: Parliament Sitting (Motion on Vote of No Confidence 2024 filed)
FEBRUARY 14: James Marape challenges Allan Bird's Nomination as the 'Alternate Prime Minister
FEBRUARY 15: Third Day Parliament Sitting - Govt Remained Steadfast
How James Marape Toppled Peter O'Neill to Become the Prime Minister of PNG in 2019
James Marape emerged as a key player in the political landscape of Papua New Guinea in 2019 when he successfully orchestrated a Vote of No Confidence against the then Prime Minister Peter O'Neill.
Marape, who had been the finance minister under O'Neill's People's National Congress (PNC) Party for 8 years, cited "trust issues" as the main reason for his resignation from the government. This move set off a chain of events that ultimately led to Marape becoming the Prime Minister of PNG.
Let's take a look at the chronological order of events that unfolded in April and May 2019, as recorded in this article on PNG Insight.
CLICK HERE TO READ THE LATEST ON THE MAY/JUNE PARLIAMENT SITTING.
James Marape's Resignation
In April 2019, James Marape resigned as the finance minister and member of the PNC Party, citing "trust issues" with Prime Minister Peter O'Neill as the main reason for his decision.
Marape, a young leader known for his smooth-talking approach, had the admiration of both young and old MPs in the parliament, which set the stage for a potential change in leadership.
Vote of No Confidence Motion
Following Marape's resignation, a Vote of No Confidence (VoNC) motion was tabled in the parliament on May 7, 2019.
Marape was seen as a driving force behind the motion, which aimed to remove Peter O'Neill as the Prime Minister of PNG.
The motion was supported by a coalition of opposition MPs and some defecting PNC members who cited "trust and confidence" issues in O'Neill's leadership.
Moves to Deter the Vote of Confidence
In the lead-up to the VoNC, there were several moves by the government to deter the successful passing of the motion.
This included attempts to offer big promises and large sums of money to MPs to sway their votes, as well as seeking legal interpretations and delaying tactics to validate the technical aspects of the VoNC.
The Speaker of the parliament, who was perceived to be aligned with the government, also played a role in this strategy.
VoNC Voting Session
The actual VoNC voting session was initially scheduled for 7 days after the tabling of the motion, but was later extended to 21 days by the parliament privilege committee.
Finally, on May 28, 2019, the voting session took place in the parliament.
Marape's strategic moves and the support of opposition MPs and defecting PNC members resulted in a successful passing of the motion, and Peter O'Neill was ousted as the Prime Minister of PNG.
James Marape Becomes Prime Minister
Following the successful passing of the VoNC motion, James Marape was elected as the new Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea.
His strengths as a former finance minister, his support from both young and old MPs, and his reputation as a smooth-talker were key factors that contributed to his rise to power.
Marape's government promised to address issues such as corruption, resource development, and social services, and he pledged to be a leader for all Papua New Guineans under the banner 'Take Back PNG' with the political slogan 'Make PNG the Richest Black Nation'.
Future Vote of No Confidence in PNG
As Papua New Guinea anticipates future votes of no confidence, the events that unfolded in 2019 provide insights into possible strategies and moves that may be employed by MPs and political parties.
This includes attempts to sway votes through promises of money and other incentives, seeking legal interpretations and delaying tactics, and the role of the Speaker in the process.
However, the outcome of a VoNC ultimately depends on the numbers and consensus among MPs, as well as the leadership and strategic skills of the candidates vying for the position of Prime Minister.
PNG Changing Political Landscape
The events that unfolded in the lead-up to the vote of no confidence in Papua New Guinea in 2019 serve as a reminder that politics is a constantly evolving landscape.
For those who are anticipating the next vote of no confidence in PNG's prime minister, the events of 2019 offer several valuable lessons.
- Firstly, the role of money and promises cannot be understated in swaying the opinion of MPs.
- Secondly, legal interpretations and technicalities can be used as delaying tactics, and it is important for both sides to be aware of this possibility.
Conclusion
Ultimately, the outcome of any future vote of no confidence in PNG will depend on a range of factors, including the strength of the opposition's candidate, the loyalty of MPs, and the political manoeuvring that takes place behind the scenes.
Only time will tell who will emerge victorious in the next vote of no confidence, but one thing is for certain - it will be a closely watched and closely contested event.
Watch this brief overview of the past and present PNG prime ministers.
Vote of No Confidence: Is Papua New Guinea Likely to See a Change of Government?
Check out the analysis on the latest on VOTE OF NO CONFIDENCE HERE
Members Deserting Party Leaders
Recent Developments
Questions Arise
Independent MPs and Small Political Parties
The Unknown 46 MPs
Conclusion: Peter O’Neill's Future
Vote of No Confidence in PNG Prime Minister -- Updates
Check out the analysis on the latest on VOTE OF NO CONFIDENCE HERE
PNG Government Grace Period and Elections
Grace period of 30 months expires
Unfortunately, he has only 8 months before the grace period of 30 months expires. A vote of no confidence is looming in February 2015. Has anyone seen what I’ve seen? Time & TimingThe sacking of the member for Sinasina Yongomugl and Minister for Justice and Attorney General couldn’t come at a better time, including the termination of Sam Koim and Simon Kauba.
The sacking of PNG MPs by Govt
In his own words he said
“It was in the exercise of your discretion that you choose to appoint me as the country’s Minister for Justice and Attorney General about *18 month ago. You have today felt it appropriate to terminate my commission. I have never asked you for your reasons behind my initial commissioning but now I feel that it is appropriate that you state your reasons for my removal in the next few days. This will enable me to correct myself going forward if I have made some mistakes in the administration of my role. It will also be useful to those who replace me to know these reasons as not to repeat them”.
Tanim ap tok antap lo Tok Pisin na skelim: Kerenga Kua is a real PNG man. If Peter O’Neill is a real Highlands man he must understand the words therein and resign, forthwith.
Time is running out, PNG PM
Two dates are important next week - Parliament resumes on Tuesday 24th of June at 2.00 pm. Court hearing for the PM at 11.00 am, Wednesday 25th June. Interesting times ahead, embrace for the storm if Peter O’Neill remains stubborn.
It has been a week, many things have happened. Politics is not meant to be mean and nasty – especially to these 3 men - the way it is played out as seen last week. I hope week coming is a pleasant one.